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Objective To investigate the effects of nasojejunal feeding plus nasogastric tube decompression in severe hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage complicated with gastroparesis.Methods Fifty-six cases of severe hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage complicated with gastroparesis admitted to hospital from January 2011 to June 2014 were chosen as study group, while the 52 cases of similar patients admitted to hospital from January 2007 to December 2010 were chosen as control group.Nasojejunal feeding and nasogastric tube decompression were given to the study group.Nasogastric enteral nutrition support therapy was firstly given to the control group conventionally,after 15 days if they still could to be tolerant of the enteral nutrition,then parenteral nutrition therapy were adopted.The weight, serum albumin, prealbumin and hemoglobin circumstances of the two groups were determined and the complications were recorded.The patients were followed up according to activity of daily liying(ADL) after 3 months.Results There was no significant difference on the average body weigh between two groups before treatment.The average body weight of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group after 4 weeks treatment((57.2±5.3) kg vs.(52.8±4.9) kg,t=4.33,P＜0.01).The serum albumin, pre albumin and hemoglobin of 3 week, four week after treatment were significantly higher than those of the control group(serum albumin of 3 week: (34.5±3.3) g/L vs.(30.7±3.1) g/L;erum albumin of four week:(37.8±3.8) g/L vs.(34.1 ± 3.4) g/L;serum prealbumin of 3 week:(202.3± 16.7) g/L vs.(179.6 ±15.2) g/L;serum prealbumin of four week: (216.9±17.1) g/L vs.(203.1±15.4) g/L;hemoglobin of 3 week : (119.4± 12.1) g/L vs.(107.7 ± 11.3) g/L;hemoglobin of four week : (126.2± 12.8) g/L vs.(113.5 ±11.9) g/L).Nutritional status of study group was significantly better than that of the control group(t=6.16, 5.32,7.37,4.85,5.18,5.32;P＜0.01), and complications was significantly less than that of the control group (P＜0.05).After three months, the good prognosis rate of study group (80.36％ (45/56)) was significantly higher than that of the control group (6 1.54％ (32/52)), the difference was statistically significant (x2 =4.67, P ＜0.05).Conclusion Nasojejunal feeding plus nasogastric tube decompression for patients with severe hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage with gastroparesis can improve nutritional status, enhance their body resistance, reduce the incidence of complications, and improve their prognosis.
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Objective To sum up the clinical characteristics and the diagnostic and therapeutic principle of severe hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage complicated with gastroparesis.Methods The clinical data of 51 patients with severe hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage complicated with gastroparesis were retrospectively analyzed.Results Of the patients who died,3 died of over-severe hemorrhage,and 1 died of acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by aspiration,as well as one died of respiratory failure resulting from pulmonary infection after aspiration.None died of digestive tract complication.Twenty-one patients(41.18％) needed feeding via naso-intestinal tube.Thirty patients (58.82％) were recovered within two weeks and 14 patients (27.45％) were recovered within the third week,and those who recovered beyond three weeks accounted for 3.92％ (n =2).Conclusion The gastroparesis complicating severe hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage is considered as a functional disorder rather than mechanical obstruction.It is mainly on the basis of symptoms and signs in combination with gastroscopy or radiography that the diagnosis can be made.The conservative treatment (including nasal feeding in some patients) should be applied to the disorder.
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Objective To investigate the application value of methylene blue excretion test in early reasonable nutritional support for severe traumatic brain injury.Methods One hundred and thirty-three cases of severe traumatic brain injury admitted to hospital from January 2010 to June 2012 were chosen as treatment group,while the 127 cases of similar patients admitted to hospital from January 2007 to December 2009 were chosen as control group.Patients in treatment group underwent methylene blue excretion test in 3 days,8 days,15 days after injury,and the nutritional support ways were determined according to the elimination time of methylene blue in patients' urine.The control group conventionally receive enteral nutrition support therapy firstly,after 15 days if they still cannot be tolerant of the enteral nutrition,then parenteral nutrition therapy were adopted.The weight,serum albumin and hemoglobin circumstances of the two groups were determined and the complications were recorded.Glasgow coma score (GCS) of 3 months after injury were followed up.Results There was no significant difference on the average body weigh between these two groups before treatment.The average body weight of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of control group after 3 months treatment((56.3 ± 5.5) kg vs.(52.6 ± 5.3) kg,t =5.93,P ＜ 0.01).The serum albumin and hemoglobin of 14 d,21 d after injury were significantly higher than those of the control group (serum albumin of 14 d:(32.7 ±3.4) g/L vs.(28.8 ±3.1) g/L; serum albumin of 21 d:(34.3 ±3.8) g/L vs.(30.7 ±3.3) g/L;hemoglobin of 14 d:(113.4±12.5) g/L vs.(102.2 ±11.6) g/L;hemoglobin of 21 d:(118.5 ±13.3) g/L vs.(106.7 ± 12.4) g/L.Nutritional status of treatment group was significantly better than that of the control groupall P ＜ 0.05).After three months,the effective rate of treatment group (93.23％ (124/133)) was significantly higher than that of the control group (84.25％ (107/127)),the difference was statistically significant (x2 =5.29,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Determining the early reasonable nutrition support ways for patients with severe traumatic brain injury according to the elimination time of methylene blue in the urine,can provide comprehensive nutrition to patients,enhance their body resistance,reduce the incidence of complications,and create an important clinical value for improving prognosis.
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We have previously described a novel artificial NFEV β-secretase (BACE1) cleavage site, which when introduced into the amyloid-β precursor protein (APP), significantly enhances APP cleavage by BACE1 in in vitro and cellular assays. In this study, we describe the identification and characterization of a single chain fragment of variable region (scFv), specific to the EV neo-epitope derived from BACE1 cleavage of the NFEV-containing peptide, and its conversion to IgG1. Both the scFv displayed on phage and EV-IgG1 show exquisite specificity for binding to the EV neoepitope without cross-reactivity to other NFEV containing peptides or WT-APP KMDA cleavage products. EV-IgG1 can detect as little as 0.3 nmol/L of the EV peptide. EV-IgG1 antibody was purified, conjugated with alkaline phosphatase and utilized in various biological assays. In the BACE1 enzymatic assay using NFEV substrate, a BACE1 inhibitor MRK-3 inhibited cleavage with an IC(50) of 2.4 nmol/L with excellent reproducibility. In an APP_NFEV stable SH-SY5Y cellular assay, the EC(50) for inhibition of EV-Aβ peptide secretion with MRK-3 was 236 nmol/L, consistent with values derived using an EV polyclonal antibody. In an APP_NFEV knock-in mouse model, both Aβ_EV40 and Aβ_EV42 peptides in brain homogenate showed excellent gene dosage dependence. In conclusion, the EV neoepitope specific monoclonal antibody is a novel reagent for BACE1 inhibitor discovery for both in vitro, cellular screening assays and in vivo biochemical studies. The methods described herein are generally applicable to novel synthetic substrates and enzyme targets to enable robust screening platforms for enzyme inhibitors.
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Animals , Humans , Mice , Amino Acid Sequence , Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases , Chemistry , Genetics , Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor , Antibodies , Pharmacology , Brain Chemistry , Disease Models, Animal , Enzyme Inhibitors , Pharmacology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Gene Knock-In Techniques , Inhibitory Concentration 50 , Molecular Sequence Data , Single-Chain Antibodies , PharmacologyABSTRACT
Objective This study was designed to investigate the expression and clinical significance of transcription factor E2F-1 and apoptosis-off gene Bcl-2 in human colorectal carcinoma.Methods Immunohistochemistry is used to detect the expression of E2F-1、Bcl-2 proteins in 60 cases of human colorectal carcinoma tissues and their corresponding normal mucosa.Results The positive expression rate of E2F in cancer tissues is 56.7%,while the positive expression rate of E2F in corresponding normal mucosa is 6.7%,so the comparison between two tissues is significant (P
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the hydrolysis temperature.7 Components had been identified from 10 separated peaks,these accounted for 99.999% of the total volatile oil.The main components were Allyl isothiocyannte(89.411%),3-Butenyl isothiocyanate(7.364%) and 3-Butenenitrile(1.275%).Conclusion:The optimum extraction conditions were:hydrolysis temperature 50,pH value of buffer solution 5.0,concentration of ascorbic acid 0.5mmol/L.The yield rate of the volatile oil of this process can reach 0.164%,and this process was stable and feasible;the main components of the volatile oil were isothiocyanates,and the volatile oil also contained a small amount of aldehydes,ethers and nitriles.
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Objective:Preparated from seeds of Brassica alba, Sinapine was determinated by RP-HPLC. Methods: Seeds of Brassica alba were shattered, defatted by ether, extracted by alcohol, and crystallized by potassium thiocyanate, then ethanol and water were used to recrystallize for several times. The determination was performed by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography(RP-HPLC), using ZORBAX SB-Aq column 4.6 mm?250 mm, 5 ?m. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.08 mol/L KH2P04 (20:80) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min, and the detection wavelength was 326 nm. Results: Pale yellow needle-like sinapine crystal was obtained, and the yield rate was 0.82%. The purity of sinapine thiocyanate crystal was over 95%. Conclusion: Preparation sinapine by this solvent extraction method was simple, high-purity, high yield, and could be used for industrial production.
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Objective:To study the influence of Sinapine on the formation of microvessels in chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane(CAM).Methods: Sinapine was purified by the procedure of pressurized-solvent extraction from Semen Sinapis Albae.The inhibition effect of Sinapine on the chorioallantoic vessel was detected by the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane model.Results: Compared with physiological saline group,large areas of blood vessels in Sinapine groups(5.0g/L and 10.0g/L) had heavy inhibition of angiogenesis on CAM,accompanied by the decreased density of vessels(P0.05).Conclusions: Sinapine can prevent the formation of microvessels of CAM and the effects depend on the concentration.